“If you or your loved ones are stricken with an illness and your only hope of being cured is therapeutic cloning, will you go for it? Why?”

Yes, I will go for it. Buddhism's stand on therapeutic cloning is that if the stem cells obtained from the embyros are intended to be used for saving lives or finding cures for diseases, then it is acceptable. As a Buddhist, one might say that I would naturally be inclinded towards supporting such a stand. However, I would like to make it clear that I do not support the stand blindly, for I have made an independent assessment of the logic behind the stand and found it to be rational, logical and yet morally sound. Other religious groups have differing stands on the issue of therapuetic cloning. For example, the Catholics are strongly opposed to therapeutic cloning as they believe that life begins at the instant of conception and thus destroying embyros is tantamount to murder.

So much for the religious and moral viewpoints, now let's consider the issue from a scientific viewpoint. If science is to make progress, we must be daring to try new things and explore the unknown, but of course we must also be rational and exhibit good judgement in our quest to discover the unknown. Thus, science should not always give in to moral and religious opposition. As history have shown, religious views are not always correct. Take Galileo for example, he was killed because he believed that the Earth revolved around the Sun while the Catholic Church thought otherwise. Thus, my point is that science should not always give in to moral and religious viewpoints. Therefore, despite what others might say about therapeutic cloning, I will still support it and use it if need be.


(Definition of therapeutic cloning: Therapeutic cloning is a technique that would be used to produce cloned embryos, but only to create stem cells that can in turn be used to repair damaged or defective tissue in the parent of the cloned cells. Such stem cells could theoretically be used to grow replacement livers or hearts (or any of a variety of organs) for transplant without fear of rejection. They might be used to create healthy nerve cells for people with Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease. Skin cells could be derived from cloned stem cells for burn victims.)

GM Food

Scenario 1
1．As one of the country’s decision makers, would you advocate the use of GM crops? Why or why not?

The use of genetically modified (GM) crops meant that we have already taken the first step down the slippery slope of genetic engineering and there is no turning back Scientists claim that using GM crops can boost yields, reduce use of pesticide, create more nutritious food and a multitude of other benefits. In light of the ever-growing global population, GM crops are poised to bring about the second agricultural revolution to meet the burgeoning food demands of the future. However, GM crops are relatively new inventions, and thus their effects on human health and the environment are not yet fully known. Advocating the use of GM crops without any restriction may engender undesirable consequences. Thus, if I am one of my country Singapore’s decision makers, I would advocate the use of GM crop, but there will be a system of strict regulations in place to minimize the detrimental consequences of using GM crops.

Scenario 2
2． Would you buy products that contain GM foods for consumption by your family? Why or why not?

I will buy products that contain GM food for consumption by my family as these foods have undergone rigorous checks and tests by the Arigfood Agency of Singapore. If we look at the food that we consume, we will realize that most of them contain GM food. This means that we have already been consuming GM food for quite some time, but there have been no reports about anyone suffering from health-related problem due to the consumption of such food. Nevertheless, we must not be too quick to dismiss all the concerns about the adverse effects on health due to long-term consumption of GM food. Studies have shown that animals fed with GM food suffered adverse health effects and this is prove that GM food is not totally safe. However, before we ban GM food, we should step back and take a look at the effect of a non-GM food diet. Studies have also shown that eating too much of something will cause harmful effects on our health. Thus, we should keep an open mind about GM food.

"What are your views on abortion?"

There has been much controversy surrounding abortion, or the act of prematurely terminating a pregnancy. Views on abortion are varied, ranging from pro-life to pro-choice. Pro-choice proponents argue that women should have the right to abort their pregnancies, while pro-life proponents are against the idea of killing unborn foetuses as they feel that abortion is tantamount to murder. The world's main religions are inclined towards pro-life ideology and are firmly against abortion.

Personally, I am against abortion, but in exceptional cases such as pregnancy of rape victims, it should be allowed. Abortion should not be used as a means of birth control. By not legalising abortion, couples will have to think twice before giving birth and make sure that they are financially capable of raising the child, instead of making impulsive decisions to have babies without careful thought and planning. Some couples do not want to have babies but do not have the habit of using contraceptives and use abortion as the easy way out. Making abortion illegal will force them to take precautions and use birth control methods, resulting in fewer necessary loss of lives.

While scientists have not been able to determine exaclty when does life begins, most of them agree on the 14 day cut-off point for embyro research. This can be taken to be tacit agreement that life starts form the 14th day of coneception onwards. Religious leaders adopt a more conservative stance in believing that life begins immediately at conception. Thus, this supports that abortion is equivalent to murder as the unborn foetus has the potential to fully develop into a sentinent being.

"In the modern world, image is everything." Discuss

In the modern society of today, people have become increasingly image-conscious. Image refers not only to the outward physical appearance but also the demeanor of oneself. 'Looking good has become so deeply entrenched in the modern societal psyche that many people, both man and women alike, are willing to fork out thousands of dollars to lavish themselves on expensive designer clothing and beauty treatments and products, but are unwilling to donate an equally impressive amount to the charity. It is clear that the values and priorities of the modern generation are based on image rather than the heart. In this modern world where people increasingly judge and assess others based on first impressions, it has almost become a necessity to project a good and favorable image of oneself in front of others, and this has resulted in many people subscribing to the notion that image is everything. But is it really so? While a good image is a highly valued asset in today's context and can help one attain success, there are other things which are just as important, if not more important that it, such as having good moral values and the ability to think critically.

Image is so important to people of the modern generation that many do not mind burning a hole in their pocket to buy designer clothes and beauty care products. To them, wearing designer clothes and spending thousands of dollars on beauty treatment such as facials and body hair removal are no longer things restricted to the rich and high-class socialites, but have become the norm. In some universities such the Singapore Management University, students have to attend etiquette courses so that they know how to 'peel prawns using forks and spoons' in order to boost their image. Lasik surgery, a laser surgery used to correct myopia has seen demand soar over the past few years as more myopic people turn to it as the answer to wean them off their spectacles so that they will look better. Plastic surgery, which is usually used for correcting severe facial anomalies such as replacing a broken nose or charred facial skin, has in recent years become a popular cosmetic treatment. An increasing number of people with perfectly normal faces but are unsatisfied with their appearance have gone under the knife, hoping that plastic surgery can correct their perceived 'flaws' and transform the ugly ducklings in them into beautiful swans. American reality shows such as "Extreme Makeover" and "The Swan" and 'Man-made beauty' contests in China show that the obsession with image is growing into a global phenomenal. The fact that so many people now view plastic surgery as an ordinary cosmetic surgery and are willing to take the risks of undergoing surgery for vanity sake, on top of having no qualms about spending so much money to improve their outward appearance shows that image is indeed everything to them. In light of the obsession with image, people are starting to embrace artificial 'plastic' beauty and discard traditional notions of natural beauty, thinking that a good image is a necessary ingredient in achieving success. But they have failed to realize that having a good image without substance and good character will not lead them very far in whatever their endeavors.